一曲悲歌咏叹调(之三)——浅谈邓超予《沈园情》得与失

发布时间:2024-10-21 18:07:40 中国文化网

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阅读女诗人超予诗集《我有花一朵》“羽”辑笔下的《沈园情》,自然会联想到陆游与唐琬的故事,千古悲剧,万世传奇。

生活在这块辽阔的土地,谁都去过很多地方,留下的记忆有多少呢?

女诗人超予走笔沈园,以诗赋名义为沈园诗声了,悲切切而怨而怜:“情之一物/啼笑因缘/桃花最鲜/人面最艳。”

说的是陆游与唐婉的故事。

说的是1000多年前,陆游20岁,娶了青梅竹马唐琬为妻,心中喜悦不言而喻。婚后二人沉浸在“ 伉俪相得”,“ 琴瑟甚和”恩爱中。正是:人面桃花相映红。

“粉壁青苔/字里行间/只见桃花/不见人面。”

诗人在思考,墙上长满了青苔,为什么只见桃花,不见人容颜呢?那是因为陆母认为唐琬耽误了儿子前程,婚后一年未孕,命儿休了唐琬。陆游曾另筑别院安置唐琬,陆母察觉后,命陆游另娶王氏为妻。自然不知道“人面不知何处去”了?

“竹马已老/青梅已谢/曾经沧海/而今桑田”。

这是女诗人超予对已经枯黄的人儿一种宣泄。用沧海桑田一句成语,解读世事变化无常。引出“不如不见,不如怀念”的诗句来。

诗人用了四个画面,比如“凤钗依旧/滴露已倦/覆水难收/破镜难圆。”来描述自己难抑的心绪。唯一定情信物凤钗都疲倦了,就像水沉如破镜,难收难圆。

1156那一年,唐琬再次来到沈园见到陆游的题词,不由感慨万千,和了一阕《钗头凤·世情薄》,同年秋,便抑郁而终,一曲爱之歌夭折了。

两首《钗头凤》,陆游的深情,唐婉的凉薄,凄美了千年!

阅读超予《沈园情》一篇随想,是以怀念的方式跃然纸上的,情感真挚,朴素无华,格式规整,押韵上口,构成了女诗人净化心灵史框架。颇有一定的想象力,给诗歌插上了翅膀,带领读者飞向了那个年代及自己的心路历程,产生共情。

我认为,诗人庆幸自己得到了两阙词的真迹和自己感悟。却失去了“不如不见,不如怀念”的一丝丝无奈。如果把两者兼容,诗人应该是一次传承久远文化之旅,种下了回归千年的种子,人生无论是古代还是今天,都能如花一样盛开。

就谈这些初浅的认识,权当是跟随诗人在沈园发散一次情感,还有祈祷:“但愿人长久”。

附陆游题词——

《钗头凤》

红酥手,黄縢酒。满城春色宫墙柳。东风恶、欢情薄。一怀愁绪,几年离索。错,错,错。

春如旧,人空瘦。泪痕红浥鲛绡透。桃花落、闲池阁。山盟虽在,锦书难托。莫,莫,莫。

附唐婉和一阙词——

《钗头凤·世情薄》

世情薄,人情恶,雨送黄昏花易落。晓风干,泪痕残。欲笺心事,独语斜阑。难,难,难!

人成各,今非昨,病魂常似秋千索。角声寒,夜阑珊。怕人寻问,咽泪装欢。瞒,瞒,瞒!

附超予的《沈园情》中英文;

   

如梦如幻 如露如电

情之一物 啼笑因缘

桃花最鲜 人面最艳

是情是怨 是思是怜

故人归来 东风不辨

粉壁青苔 字里行间

只见桃花 不见人面

我有相思 不增不减

盼见沈园 怕见沈园

竹马已老 青梅已谢

曾经沧海 而今桑田

不如不见 不如怀念

盼见沈园 怕见沈园

凤钗依旧 滴漏已倦

覆水难收 破镜难圆

不如不见 不如怀念

盼见沈园 怕见沈园

不如不见 不如怀念

注:沈园在今浙江绍兴。八百多年前,南宋诗人陆游和唐琬伉俪情深,却被迫离异。后两人邂逅于沈园,陆游感慨怅然,题《钗头凤·红酥手》词于壁间,极言“离索”之痛。唐琬见而和《钗头凤·世情薄》,情意凄绝,不久悒郁而逝。陆游和唐婉的爱情故事凄婉动人,沈园也因此流芳百世。

Love in Shen Garden

Like a dream, the morning dew, or lightning,

such is love, from sad and ridiculous causes.

So charming a face among the freshest peach blossoms.

Love, as well as resentment. Missing, as well as misery.

Returns my old friend, but even the east wind feels strange.

There are white walls and green mosses between the lines.

Only peach blossoms stay, and the charming face disappears.

I have been suffering lovesickness without changes.

Look forward to meeting in Shen Garden, but with fears deep in.

My huckleberry friend has been old.

The sea has been parted.

Better not to meet. Better to yearn.

Look forward to meeting in Shen Garden, but with fears deep in.

The hairpin is still on. Time flies so fast.

What is done cannot be undone.

Better not to meet. Better to yearn.

Look forward to meeting in Shen Garden, but with fears deep in.

Better not to meet. Better to yearn.

Note: Shen Garden is located in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province today. Over eight hundred years ago, during Southern Song Dynasty, poets Lu You and Tang Wan had profound relationships, but were forced to divorce. Later they two met in Shen Garden. Lu You felt regretful and sorrow, writing the poem “Phoenix Hairpin, Pink Hands” on the wall, expressing his suffering from being desolate and lonely. Tang Wan saw it and replied with the poem, “Phoenix Hairpin, The Vain World”, with bitterness and sadness between the lines. She passed away soon in melancholy. Lu You and Tang Wan’s love story is sad and touching, and thus Shen Garden is immortalized.

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